BLISWORTH EVENTS & MEMORIES OF WORLD WAR II

This tentative calendar of wartime events in Blisworth is offered as a basis for a hopefully more complete recollection of wartime Blisworth.  Intended as a catalyst for the recall of memory it is hoped to arouse the interest of those who were in Blisworth at any time during the second world war years.  This is intended as a shared co-operative project for the interest and enjoyment of all those concerned. 

            The period from the 1st of January 1940 to the 3rd of June 1941 is covered by a diary kept by George Freeston.  This was terminated as far as Blisworth was concerned, except for short periods of leave, on his call up to the R.A.F.  At the moment this is the most complete period we have but fortunately it records the transition in Blisworth from the ‘Phoney War to the Battle of Britain and on to the Blitz and up to its end in May 1941.  Blisworth Parish was recorded as ‘having had more incidents from enemy bombers than any other town or village in Northamptonshire.

            The more prominent events of the general war are recorded in italics in order to provide a background reference.  All Sundays are recorded as a guide to weekdays.  Events in Blisworth regarding crashed aeroplanes, bombs, military manoeuvres etc. are printed in red.  Aircraft crashes in adjacent parishes are also included.  German aircraft losses as recorded by George are contemporary British claims.  Those recorded during the Battle of Britain were later decreased substantially with access to German records after the war.  Those recorded during the later blitz are probably more accurate though from the British point of view regretably small, our night fighters became increasingly successful towards the end of the winter helped by airborne radar.

            The war in the Pacific is less fully dealt with than events closer to home.  The Russian war is not greatly detailed.  In general events most likely to be in the minds of Blisworth people such as the air war in Europe are more fully covered.  Fuller details of events considered to be of interest are given in order to give some sort of scale to these very eventful and tragic years.

            If any have memories of Blisworth in the 2nd world war and are willing to share them they will be gratefully received and recorded under the name of the contributor.  Please keep this calendar for reference.  It is hoped that there will be enough copies with added contributions around to ensure that wartime Blisworth 1939 to 1945 will be remembered.  If successful a copy of this project will be offered to the Northamptonshire Records Office.

             Robin Freeston

                                   

The Calendar

Explanatory notes are within square brackets.

[For the first 18 months of the war at least The Blisworth Choral Society met on Wednesday evenings, and the Scouts on Thursday evenings.  The Northamptonshire Libraries local Library Centre was open in the Old Schools [now the village hall] on Friday evenings.  There was also a popular tennis club.]

SEPTEMBER 1939

Friday             1st          Germany invades Poland.

Sunday       3rd          Britain, France, Australia, and New Zealand declare war on Germany.  The liner Athenia is torpedoed with the loss of 112 lives.

Tuesday         5th          South Africa declares war on Germany.

Sunday       10th          Canada declares war on Germany.  The British Expeditionary force commanded by General  Gort begins landing in France.

Sunday       17th               The USSR invades Poland.  The aircraft carrier Courageous is sunk by U39 off S.W. Ireland.

Sunday       24th

OCTOBER 1939

Sunday       1st

Sunday       8th

Saturday        14th                 The battleship Royal Oak is sunk in Scapa Flow with the loss of 736 lives.

Sunday       15th

Sunday       22nd

Sunday       29th

NOVEMBER 1939

Sunday       5th

Sunday       12th

Sunday       19th

Thursday       23rd               The armed merchant cruiser Rawalpindi patrolling off the Faroe Islands comes into contact with the german battle cruisers Schharnhorst and Gneisenau which were attempting to break out into the Atlantic to attack British convoys.  After transmitting the position of the german ships Captain Kennedy decides to fight rather than surrender.  The Rawalpindi sinks within 40 minutes with the loss of 238 lives including that of Captain Kennedy.  The German cruisers return to their home base rather than face the British Home Fleet.  Captain Kennedy was the father of Ludovic Kennedy the writer and broadcaster.

Sunday       26th

Thursday       30th          The USSR invades Finland.

DECEMBER 1939

Sunday       3rd

Sunday       10th

Wednesday    13th           The cruisers Exeter, Ajax, and Achilles engage the German pocket battleship Graf Spee off the mouth of the river Plate, Uruguay.  The Exeter drawing enemy fire to protect the lighter cruisers sustains severe damage but Graf Spee herself damaged seeks refuge in neutral Montevideo for repairs.             

Sunday       17th               The Graf Spee is scuttled on the orders of captain Langsdorff.  Langsdorff later commits suicide.

Saturday        23rd               The first Canadian troops arrive in Britain.                        

Sunday       24th

Sunday       31st

JANUARY  1940

Sunday       14th       {Frost in ground about 8". }  GF Diary

Monday          15th       {No rain for weeks now.} GF Diary

Tuesday         16th       {Snow and frost.  Roads very bad.} GF Diary

Sunday       21st       {Extreme frost.  Coldest day for 35 years according to Mr. Westley.} GF Diary

Thursday       25th       {Slight thaw.  Chapel sale of work.} GF Diary

Friday             26th       {Terrific snowstorm in afternoon.} GF Diary

Saturday        27th       {Still snowing.    Worst for many years.  Mr.  Woodman’s 60th party.} GF Diary

Sunday              28th       {Snowed during night, and on and off during day.  About 12" of snow.} GF Diary

Monday          29th       {Everywhere completely snowed up.  Worst for 45 years.  Very busy hire day at Garage.  No trains etc.} GF Diary

Tuesday         30th       {Buses not running.} GF Diary

FEBRUARY 1940

Thursday       1st       {Slight thaw during day but roads still very bad.} GF Diary

Saturday        3rd          {Thawing very gradually.  2 German planes down in England.} GF Diary

Sunday         4th

Sunday       11th       {Sharp frost in night.  Cold but dry day.} GF Diary

Friday             16th       {Mrs. Basford died yesterday.} GF Diary  

                                  The destroyer Cossack rescues 299 British merchant seamen from the Graf Spee’s supply ship Altmark in Altenfiord, Norway.

Saturday        17th       {Mrs. Chapman died.} GF Diary

Sunday         18th

Monday          19th       {Dull and mild.  Snow quickly going.} GF Diary

Sunday         25th        {Clocks put back last night.  A.R.P. practice in afternoon.} GF Diary

Thursday       29th       {Turning much colder.   A.R.P. dinner at Gayton.} GF Diary

MARCH 1940

Sunday         3rd       {Sharp frost during night, but turned out to be a lovely day.} GF Diary

Saturday        9th       { “The Rains Cameon at Exchange Cinema in Northampton.} GF Diary

Sunday         10th       {Lovely day.} GF Diary

Wednesday    13th          The war between Finland and Russia ends with Finland losing the Karelian Isthmus to Russia.

Thursday       14th       {Snow fell considerably during night and  morning.  Chapel Concert in evening.} GF Diary

Sunday         17th       {Choral Society sang the “Crucifixion” in the church in the afternoon.} GF Diary

Thursday       21st       {Scouts busy on National Service Badge.} GF Diary

Friday             22nd       {Good Friday.  Lantern lecture in church in evening.} GF Diary

Sunday         24th       {Easter Sunday.  Record communions.  Daffs and Snowdrops in church.} GF Diary

Monday          25th       {Easter Monday.  Glorious day.  No Towcester races}. GF Diary.

Tuesday         26th       {Village paper collection scheme started.} GF Diary

Sunday         31st

APRIL 1940

Tuesday         2nd       {Village paper collecting finished.} GF Diary

Friday             5th       {Grand concert in evening.  “Snow White & the Seven Dwarfs.} GF Diary      

Sunday         7th       {Rather dull and cold wind.} GF Diary

Tuesday         9th           {GERMANY INVADES DENMARK & NORWAY .} GF Diary

Thursday       11th       {Village paper collection.  cwt. already sold  making 12/6d for the funds.} GF Diary

Friday             12th       {Church Council meeting.  Mr. Lunn [Rector] presented the drawings of the new proposed stained glass window in memory of Mrs. Griffith.} GF Diary

Sunday         14th       {Rather cold west wind.} GF Diary

Monday          15th          Allied Troops land in Norway.

Sunday         21st       {Glorious day.} GF Diary

Tuesday         23rd       {“Freedom” naval River Plate picture on at Exchange cinema.} GF Diary

Wednesday    24th       {Cuckoo Heard.} GF Diary

Sunday         28th       {Warm inclined to be thundery.  Rained during afternoon.} GF Diary

Tuesday         30th       {“Escape to happiness  on at Exchange.} GF Diary

MAY 1940

Wednesday    1st          Allied troops withdrawn from southern Norway.

Sunday         5th       {Glorious day.} GF Diary

Tuesday         7 th          Chamberlain looses support in the Commons over the Norwegian campaign.

Thursday       9th        {Royal Proclamation calling up 28  to 36 year olds.} GF Diary

Friday             10th          GERMANS INVADE HOLLAND & BELGIUM. Churchill becomes Prime Minister.                    {Bright sunny day.} GF Diary 

Saturday        11th       {Proclamation cancelling Bank Holiday.} GF Diary

Sunday         12th       {Whitsunday.  Lovely day.} GF Diary

Monday          13th          German Army crosses the Meuse at Sedan and Dinant.                                                         Queen Wilhelmina escapes to Britain with her Government.

Tuesday         14th       Rotterdam  bombed   {“On the Spot on at the Rep.Theatre.} GF Diary

Thursday       16th          {Stuart Woolacott leaves to join up.} GF Diary      

Saturday        18th       {A.R.P. practice in afternoon.} GF Diary

Sunday         19th       General Gamelin allied commander in chief dismissed.

Thursday       23rd       German panzers [tanks] reach Channel coast.

Sunday         26th       {Day of National Prayer.  Good crowd at 10.45 service.} GF Diary                    Evacuation of Dunkirk begins.

Tuesday         28th          King Leopold of the Belgians surrenders to the Germans.                                            {Parashotts [?] are now commencing duties.} GF Diary

Wednesday    29th          {All signposts removed in the Parish.} GF Diary

Thursday       30th       {First batch of B.E.F. from Dunkirk arrive in Northampton.} GF Diary

JUNE 1940

Saturday        1st          Canadian troops pass through Blisworth on their way from Bristol to East Anglia.             {The children are having a lovely time cheering them on.} GF Diary

Sunday         2nd       {Most glorious day  Canadian troops started coming thro again early.  Had exciting day cheering them on and giving them refreshments. Mr. Payler home.} GF Diary

Tuesday         4th          Evacuation of Dunkirk now complete.  338,226 men (2/3 of them British) evacuated.   Germans capture 40,000 French troops at Dunkirk.  Evacuation of Norway begins.

Wednesday    5th       Germans commence new offensive against France.                                                      {Air Raid again last night.} GF Diary

Thursday       6th       {Air raids have been going on during week.  Four evacuees came along.} GF Diary

Saturday        8th          Aircraft carrier Glorious sunk returning from Norway by battle cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau. 

Sunday         9th  

Monday          10th          ITALY DECLARES WAR.  The evacuation of 11,000 British and French troops from St.Valéry and Le Havre commences.

Thursday       13th          Paris declared an open city.

Friday             14th          Germans enter Paris.

Sunday         16th  

Monday          17th       Marshall Petain requests Germany’s armistice terms.  The liner Lancastria sunk with very heavy loss of life by German bombers off St.Nazaire.  Probably more than 5,000 lost.  Churchill stopped reporting of this event for reasons of public morale.  [see Google <lancastria association>]

Wednesday    19th       {Air raid during night.  12 Killed.  Some on Northamptonshire.} GF Diary

Thursday       20th       {LARGEST AIR RAID YET DURING NIGHT.  7 killed.  Nursing Association Fete at Rectory.} GF Diary

Friday             21st       {Another air raid last night.} GF Diary

Saturday        22nd       FRANCE SIGNS PEACE TERMS WITH GERMANY.  

Sunday         23rd       {Took Scouts to Chapel in evening.} GF Diary

Monday          24th       {Woke up during the night at 2O/C to hear the first air raid warning going.  Absolutely an ungodly noise, lasted about 30 mins.  Rugby damaged.  Northampton rather excited about it.} GF Diary

                         Italy’s armistice with France declared.  A cease fire occurs on all fronts.  Since May 10th France has lost about 85,000 men, Germany 27,000 and Britain 3,500.

Tuesday         25th       {Another air raid warning sounded at 3O/C [am] but it only lasted 20 mins. GF Diary]

Thursday       27th       {Frank on L.D.V. [Local Defence Volunteers amended to Home Guard by Churchill later] at10O/C  and all thro the night.} GF Diary

Friday             28th       {Marshall Balbo killed [Italian Air Marshal in air crash at Tobruck].  Whist drive in Mrs. Roper’s garden in evening in aid of Red Cross.} GF Diary

Sunday         30th       {Feast Sunday.  Frank on Paratroops.  Incendiary bomb demonstration in afternoon.  Scout parade in church in evening.} GF Diary                                                         Germany occupies the Channel Islands.

JULY 1940

Monday          1st       {Italian troops in Libya etc. are falling to our men.  Air raids last night again but not in this district.  12 killed.} GF Diary

Tuesday         2nd       {Tank corps dashing about village  also barricade preparations are going on at speed.} GF Diary

Wednesday    3rd       One French battleship sunk and two damaged at Oran and Mers-el-Kebir by British navy.                                    

Sunday         7th       { Frank and Ron took part in field exercises.} GF Diary

Monday          8th       {Hot day.  Had good game of tennis in evening.  Tea to be rationed.} GF Diary

Tuesday         9th       {Naval action still goes on against French ships.}